Orthodontics is the specialization of dentistry that specializes in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of dental irregularities – malocclusion - like correcting the bite and arrangement of teeth and therefore improves the smile and function of the teeth. Causes of malocclusion include crowded teeth, extra teeth, missing teeth or jaws that are out of alignment. Most malocclusions are inherited, although some can be acquired. Acquired malocclusions can be caused by accidents, early or late loss of baby teeth, or sucking of the thumb or fingers for a prolonged period of time.

Orthodontists use appliances like braces to correct the bite. These braces are either fixed on to the teeth or rest against the teeth and bring about the desired movement of the teeth. Tooth movement is accomplished by light pressure exerted on the teeth. Braces are used to improve smiles, improve chewing and to prevent other dental problems like dental decay and gum diseases.